1144 is a medium-carbon free-cutting steel, commonly known as "easy-cutting iron." The cold extrusion process creates a smooth, bright surface. The addition of free-cutting elements such as sulfur, phosphorus, lead, calcium, selenium, and tellurium reduces cutting resistance. The inherent properties of these elements and the resulting compounds lubricate cutting tools, reducing wear and tear. This reduces surface roughness, improves tool life, and increases production efficiency. Due to its excellent free-cutting properties, easy-cutting iron is often used in machine tools and automatic machining processes. It is commonly used in machine applications such as screws, nuts, connecting bolts, steering rod ball bolts, oil pump drive gears, lead screws, polished rods, racks, spline shafts, and watch parts.